![]() ![]() There is no movement of mass in the direction of energy flow. In thermal conduction, energy is transferred as heat either due to the migration of free electrons or lattice vibrational waves ( phonons). ![]() ![]() Convective heat transfer take place both by thermal diffusion (the random motion of fluid molecules) and by advection, in which matter or heat is transported by the larger-scale motion of currents in the fluid. In most cases the main resistance to heat flow is by convection. When heat is to be transferred from one fluid to another through a barrier, convection is involved on both sides of the barrier. In engineering, convective heat transfer is one of the major mechanisms of heat transfer. The process of heat transfer between a surface and a fluid flowing in contact with it is called convective heat transfer. Diffusion of heat takes place in rigid solids, but that is called thermal conduction. Convection cannot take place in most solids because neither significant diffusion of matter nor bulk current flows can take place. Although liquids and gases are generally not very good conductors of heat, they can transfer heat quite rapidly by convection.Ĭonvection takes place through advection, diffusion or both. In general, convection is either the mass transfer or the heat transfer due to bulk movement of molecules within fluids such as gases and liquids. ![]()
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